Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Green Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Industrial Water Pollutants

Rapid industrialization has significantly contributed to water contamination, posing severe risks to global ecosystems and human health. This study investigates the eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide-graphene oxide (ZnO-GO) nanocomposites using Azadirachta indica leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized nanomaterials were structurally and morphologically characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Photocatalytic performance was evaluated under solar irradiation against synthetic dyes and organic contaminants. The synthesized nanocomposite demonstrated a 96.4% degradation efficiency within 90 minutes, exhibiting high stability and reusability over multiple cycles. These findings highlight a cost-effective, sustainable pathway for large-scale wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.